Abstract:At present, the detection method of total exchangeable base in acid-neutral soil is ammonium acetate exchange-neutralization titration. This method is detailed and complicated and is difficult to operate, which is one of the technological difficulties in the internal industry index of third national soil survey. In this paper, the standard reference material of soils were used as the research objects to research the effect of quality of samples, exchange reagents and detection method on total soil exchangeable base, and the total soil exchangeable base and their correlation with exchangeable base cations were analyzed. The results showed that the total exchangeable base by ICP addition of ASA-7a, a high-content exchangeable-based standard sample, was 34.71±0.10 cmol?kg-1 and 33.26±0.18 cmol?kg-1 under the exchange of ammonium acetate solution with and without EDTA, respectively. The total exchangeable base of ASA-7a was slightly higher detected by neutralization titration under the exchange of ammonium acetate solution without EDTA, which reached 38.80±0.62 cmol?kg-1. Different exchange reagents and detection methods had certain differences(P<0.05). But the quality of samples had no significant effect on the determination of the total exchangeable base (P<0.05). Although the relative error and relative standard deviation of the total exchangeable base by the ICP-OES addition were less than 7% and 1.2%, respectively, indicating that the precision and accuracy of the two methods were better than those of the neutralization titration method, the results of the two methods were within the standard reference value. For the determination of total soil exchangeable base and the statistical analysis of data of batch samples, it is recommended to follow the consistent protocol and maintain the consistency of the method to avoid increasing the difference of results due to the difference of the methods.